卫星通信系统实际上也是一种微波通信，它以卫星作为中继站转发微波信号，在多个地面站之间通信，卫星通信的主要目的是实现对地面的"无缝隙"覆盖，由于卫星工作于几百、几千、甚至上万公里的轨道上，因此覆盖范围远大于一般的移动通信系统。作为蜂窝、无线电等通信方式的有效补充及保障，其优势及不可替代性愈发显著。建立健全应急通信保障体系，完善通信系统网络，建立有线与无线相结合、基础网络与机动通信网络相配合的通信系统，才能确保突发事件应对工作的通信保障。随着技术的发展，卫星通信目前作为应急通信必不可少的手段，已然在地震、反恐等重要任务中发挥了重要作用，未来将发挥不可估量的作用。
二、卫星通信系统特点
Ø 覆盖范围广：卫星移动通信覆盖范围广、组网灵活，适合于站点分散、远离城市和地面通信覆盖不到的地区；
Ø 机动性和实时性：应急通信车或便携站可根据紧急情况需要迅速抵达现场，安装调试时间短，可以快速建立指挥通信手段；
Ø 可靠性高：在通信链路上除卫星转发器外，传输线路上没有中间环节，各小站之间相互独立，互不影响。网管中心还可集中监视系统运行状态和设备故障情况，可以及时发现卫星终端站的故障并采取措施；
Ø 抗灾能力强：与地面卫星通信系统比，卫星通信受自然灾害特别是洪水灾害损毁的几率小，而且结构灵活，无需中继，即使个别站发生故障，也不会影响其他站的正常通信；
Ø 功能强大：利用卫星通信的特点可以提供多种功能服务。如大跨度、大范围、远距离的图像传输、电视会议等。此外，卫星通信也可以作为地面通信系统的备用手段，保证通信的畅通可靠。
- Overview
The satellite communication system is actually a kind of microwave communication. It uses satellite as a relay station to forward microwave signals and communicate between multiple ground stations. The main purpose of satellite communication is to achieve "seamless" coverage of the ground. On a track of one hundred, several thousand, or even tens of thousands of kilometers, the coverage is much larger than that of a general mobile communication system. As an effective supplement and guarantee for communication methods such as cellular and radio, its advantages and irreplaceability are becoming more and more significant. Establish and improve the emergency communication security system, improve the communication system network, establish a communication system that combines wired and wireless, and the basic network and mobile communication network to ensure the communication guarantee for emergency response work. With the development of technology, satellite communication is now an indispensable means of emergency communication. It has already played an important role in important tasks such as earthquake and counter-terrorism, and will play an immeasurable role in the future.
- satellite communication system features
Ø Wide coverage: Satellite mobile communication has a wide coverage and flexible networking, which is suitable for sites with scattered sites and far away from urban and terrestrial communication;
Ø Mobility and real-time: Emergency communication vehicles or portable stations can quickly arrive at the scene according to emergency needs, with short installation and commissioning time, and can quickly establish command and communication means;
Ø High reliability: In addition to the satellite transponder on the communication link, there is no intermediate link on the transmission line, and the stations are independent of each other and do not affect each other. The network management center can also centrally monitor the operating status of the system and equipment failures, and can detect the failure of the satellite terminal station in time and take measures;
Ø Strong resilience: Compared with terrestrial satellite communication systems, satellite communication is less likely to be damaged by natural disasters, especially floods, and has a flexible structure without relaying. Even if individual stations fail, it will not affect the normal communication of other stations;
Ø Powerful: The use of satellite communication features can provide a variety of functional services. Such as large-span, large-scale, long-distance image transmission, video conferencing, etc. In addition, satellite communication can also be used as an alternate means of terrestrial communication systems to ensure smooth and reliable communication.
三、行业用户应用案例
石油行业卫星通信解决方案
某集团军卫星通信解决方案
电力保障卫星通信系统
应急网卫星通信系统
